Reference soil United States of America 10: Humic Ferralsol

US010

Distribution of Ferralsols (rough estimation supplied by soilgrids)

Reference soil US010: Humic Ferralsols

Physical characteristics

Particle size distribution

Depth (cm)	Gravel % v/v	very coarse sand % w/w	coarse sand % w/w	medium sand % w/w	fine sand % w/w	very fine sand % w/w	Total sand % w/w	coarse silt % w/w	fine silt % w/w	Total silt % w/w	Clay % w/w
0-35	-	14.8	9.6	1.2	0.7	0.5	26.8	7.7	22	29.7	43.6
35-64	-	1.5	1.7	0.7	0.6	0.6	5.1	22.2	36.2	58.4	36.7
64-80	-	1.9	2.1	1.2	1	0.7	6.9	25.4	29.7	55.1	38
80-103	-	2.3	3	2.1	1.8	1.5	10.7	27.5	28.2	55.7	33.7
103-135	-	4.5	3.9	1.9	1.9	2.1	14.3	31.6	24.5	56.1	29.7
135-150	-	4.8	5.1	3.5	4.4	6.6	24.4	32.1	23	55.1	20.6

Water retention characteristics

Depth (cm)	Bulk density kg/dm³	Spec. Surf. Area m²/g	COLE cm/cm	Water disp. clay %	Clay % w/w
0-35	-	-	-	14.6	43.6
35-64	-	-	-	4.5	36.7
64-80	-	-	-	6.8	38
80-103	-	-	-	12.3	33.7
103-135	-	-	-	12.1	29.7
135-150	-	-	-	9.4	20.6

Chemical data

Depth (cm)	pH H2O	pHKCl	EC 1: 2.5 dS/m	CaCO3 % w/w	C % w/w	N %	C / N	Exch. Acid cmol(c)/kg	Exch. Al cmol(c)/kg	Ca cmol(c)/kg	Mg cmol(c)/kg	K cmol(c)/kg	Na cmol(c)/kg	Sum Cations cmol(c)/kg
0-35	5.1	4.6	-	-	3.98	-	-	-	-	2.1	0.3	0.1	0.0	2.5
35-64	5.4	5.2	-	-	2.22	-	-	-	-	1.3	0.1	0.1	0.0	1.5
64-80	5.3	5.4	-	-	1.47	-	-	-	-	0.2	0.0	0	0.0	0.2
80-103	5.3	5.5	-	-	1.04	-	-	-	-	0.2	0.0	0	0.0	0.2
103-135	5.2	5.4	-	-	0.95	-	-	-	-	0.2	0.0	0	0.0	0.2
135-150	5.1	5.4	-	-	0.72	-	-	-	-	0.1	0.0	0	0.0	0.1

Depth (cm)	Base sat. %	CEC soil cmol(c)/kg	CEC clay cmol(c)/kg	CEC org cmol(c)/kg	ECEC cmol(c)/kg	Al sat. %	ESP %
0-35	20	12.4	28	13.9	-	-	-
35-64	115	1.3	4	7.8	-	-	-
64-80	100	0.2	1.0	5.1	-	-	-
80-103	100	0.2	1.0	3.6	-	-	-
103-135	100	0.2	1.0	3.3	-	-	-
135-150	50	0.2	1.0	2.5	-	-	-

Depth (cm)	pH NaF	P Retention %	ODOE	Al o % w/w	Si o % w/w	Fe d % w/w	Al d % w/w	Fe p % w/w	Al p % w/w	C p % w/w	Fe o % w/w
0-35	-	-	-	0.31	0	14.5	3.39	-	-	-	0.69
35-64	-	-	-	0.28	0.01	19.9	4.59	-	-	-	0.51
64-80	-	-	-	0.2	0	19.2	4.56	-	-	-	0.38
80-103	-	-	-	0.17	0	17.7	3.9	-	-	-	0.36
103-135	-	-	-	0.17	0.01	17.1	3.4	-	-	-	0.37
135-150	-	-	-	0.18	0.01	14.7	2.86	-	-	-	0.41

Clay mineralogy

Depth (cm)	Chlorite	Feldspar	Gibbsite	Goethite	Halloysite	Hematite	Kaolinite	Mica / illite	Mixed-layer	Quartz	Smec	Vermiculite
0-35	-	-	weak to medium	strong	-	-	-	-	-	very weak to weak	-	-
35-64	-	-	weak to medium	strong	-	-	-	-	-	very weak	-	-
64-80	-	-	weak to medium	strong	-	-	-	-	-	very weak	-	-
80-103	-	-	weak to medium	strong	-	-	-	-	-	very weak	-	-
103-135	-	-	weak to medium	strong	-	-	-	-	-	very weak	-	-
135-150	-	-	weak to medium	strong	-	-	-	-	-	very weak	-	-

Sand mineralogy

Depth (cm)	Heavy Frac. sand % w/w	K-Feldspar % w/w	Light Fra. sand % w/w	Opaque % w/w	Plagioclase % w/w	Quartz % w/w
80-103	0.2	-	99.8	100	-	7

Profile description

Ap 0-35 cm	dark brown (7.5YR 3/2, moist)silty clay gravelly,moderate very fine and fine subangular blocky,friable sticky plastic,many micro pores,frequent small ferruginous concretions,abrupt smooth boundary to,
Bo1 35-64 cm	dark reddish brown (5YR 3/4, moist)silty clay,moderate fine and medium subangular blocky,friable sticky plastic,many micro pores,very few medium gravel weathered olivine coarse gravel fragments,clear smooth boundary to,
Bo2 64-80 cm	dark reddish brown (5YR 3/3, moist)silty clay,moderate fine and medium subangular blocky,friable sticky plastic,many micro pores,very few medium gravel weathered olivine coarse gravel fragments,clear smooth boundary to,
Bo3 80-103 cm	dark reddish brown (5YR 3/4, moist)silty clay,moderate very fine and fine subangular blocky,firm sticky plastic,broken thin clay cutans,many micro pores,frequent coarse gravel weathered olivine fragments,gradual smooth boundary to,
Bo4 103-135 cm	dark reddish brown (5YR 3/4, moist)silty clay,moderate fine and medium subangular blocky,firm sticky plastic,broken thin clay cutans,many micro pores,very frequent coarse gravel weathered olivine fragments,clear smooth boundary to,
Bo5 135-150 cm	dark reddish brown (5YR 3/4, moist)silty clay,massive,friable slightly sticky slightly plastic,many very fine pores,very few coarse gravel weathered olivine fragments,